The main components of smoke are harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur-containing oxides, and chlorine, which pose varying degrees of harm to humans, animals, and the environment. For example, nitrogen oxides can easily cause respiratory diseases; Sulfur-containing oxides can produce acid rain, which can damage the atmosphere, soil, and water resources in various aspects.
According to the different technologies used for flue gas treatment, flue gas treatment processes can be divided into the following categories:
Absorption method
The absorption method is currently the most commonly used flue gas treatment process. The principle is to adsorb harmful substances through chemical absorbents, achieving the goal of purifying flue gas. Common absorbents include mixed acid, soda ash, sodium hydroxide, etc. Usually, this method is suitable for treating pollution generated by gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides.
Catalytic conversion method
Catalytic conversion method refers to the method of treating and converting harmful gases using catalysts. By the action of a catalyst, harmful gases are decomposed into harmless substances. Common catalysts include ternary catalysts, atmospheric pressure cleaning catalysts, etc. This method is mainly suitable for handling harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Combustion method
The combustion method is a method of converting harmful substances into harmless substances through combustion. The advantages of this method are high efficiency, low cost, easy operation, and the generated exhaust gas does not contain harmful substances. But its disadvantage is that it requires a large amount of energy consumption. This method is usually suitable for treating organic waste gas and gaseous solid pollutants.
Filtering method
The filtration method is to filter out the particulate matter contained in the flue gas by setting a special filter in the filter material. The principle is to use filter media to physically filter particulate matter, achieving the goal of purifying flue gas. Common filter media include silicone, polyester fiber, etc. This method is suitable for handling waste gases such as dust and smoke.